Trying to install mod_python or mod_wsgi on my Penryn Macbook with OS X 10.5 Leopard was not a “plug and play” experience.
The stock apache2 server included in OS X 10.5 comes as “FAT” binary, i.e. with both PowerPC and Intel versions for 32bit and 64bit:
$ file /usr/sbin/httpd /usr/sbin/httpd: Mach-O universal binary with 4 architectures /usr/sbin/httpd (for architecture ppc7400): Mach-O executable ppc /usr/sbin/httpd (for architecture ppc64): Mach-O 64-bit executable ppc64 /usr/sbin/httpd (for architecture i386): Mach-O executable i386 /usr/sbin/httpd (for architecture x86_64): Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64
But the stock python version is only available as 32bit application (for both PowerPC and Intel):
$ file /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python: Mach-O universal binary with 2 architectures /usr/bin/python (for architecture ppc7400): Mach-O executable ppc /usr/bin/python (for architecture i386): Mach-O executable i386
Since Apple in its wisdom decided to configure Apache to run as 64bit Intel application (“x86_64″), building mod_python or mod_wsgi against this 64bit apache version fails – there is no “x86_64″ version of python to link to.
Hence, the easiest method to proceed is to strip apache and configure it such that it runs only as 32bit Intel application – a process I have not tried, but that is explained in a comment by Tom Gidden.
The other, more complicated and time consuming option is to leave Apache as it was configured by Apple (so that future updates don’t destroy the setup) and compile FAT binaries with both 32bit and 64bit support of python, mod_wsgi (or mod_python), mysql and mysql-python.
This is what I have done, and here is how:
GNU readline
We need a multi-architecture (“FAT”) version of readline, otherwise the FAT python interpreter we’re trying to compile will be usability challenged.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 | curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2.tar.gz tar xfz readline-5.2.tar.gz cd readline-5.2 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-001 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-002 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-003 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-004 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-005 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-006 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-007 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-008 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-009 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-010 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-011 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-012 curl -O ftp://ftp.cwru.edu/pub/bash/readline-5.2-patches/readline52-013 patch -p0 < readline52-001 patch -p0 < readline52-002 patch -p0 < readline52-003 patch -p0 < readline52-004 patch -p0 < readline52-005 patch -p0 < readline52-006 patch -p0 < readline52-007 patch -p0 < readline52-008 patch -p0 < readline52-009 patch -p0 < readline52-010 patch -p0 < readline52-011 patch -p0 < readline52-012 patch -p0 < readline52-013 export MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.5 export CFLAGS="-arch ppc7400 -arch ppc64 -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -g -Os -pipe -no-cpp-precomp" export CCFLAGS="-arch ppc7400 -arch ppc64 -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -g -Os -pipe" export CXXFLAGS="-arch ppc7400 -arch ppc64 -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -g -Os -pipe" export LDFLAGS="-arch ppc7400 -arch ppc64 -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -bind_at_load" ./configure make && sudo make install |
check that the result contains all 4 architectures
$ file /usr/local/lib/libreadline.5.2.dylib /usr/local/lib/libreadline.5.2.dylib: Mach-O universal binary with 4 architectures /usr/local/lib/libreadline.5.2.dylib (for architecture ppc7400): Mach-O dynamically linked shared library ppc /usr/local/lib/libreadline.5.2.dylib (for architecture ppc64): Mach-O 64-bit dynamically linked shared library ppc64 /usr/local/lib/libreadline.5.2.dylib (for architecture i386): Mach-O dynamically linked shared library i386 /usr/local/lib/libreadline.5.2.dylib (for architecture x86_64): Mach-O 64-bit dynamically linked shared library x86_64
close and re-open Terminal, to get rid of CFLAGS etc. envvars.
Python 2.6
We’re compiling python 2.6 from source, since the different Mac OS X installers provided by python.org don’t support 64bit. We’re linking our python to the just compiled FAT version of the readline library.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | curl -O http://python.org/ftp/python/2.6.2/Python-2.6.2.tar.bz2 bzip2 -d Python-2.6.2.tar.bz2 tar xf Python-2.6.2.tar cd Python-2.6.2 unset DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH ./configure --enable-framework=/Library/Frameworks \ --enable-universalsdk=/ \ MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.5 \ --with-universal-archs=all \ --with-readline-dir=/usr/local make && make test sudo make install |
check that the result contains all 4 architectures
$ file /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Python /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Python: Mach-O universal binary with 4 architectures /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Python (for architecture i386): Mach-O dynamically linked shared library i386 /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Python (for architecture ppc7400): Mach-O dynamically linked shared library ppc /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Python (for architecture ppc64): Mach-O 64-bit dynamically linked shared library ppc64 /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/Python (for architecture x86_64): Mach-O 64-bit dynamically linked shared library x86_64
Make sure that /usr/local/bin comes before /usr/bin in your shell PATH. Test the new version
$ /usr/local/bin/python Python 2.6.2 (r262:71600, Apr 15 2009, 23:22:53) [GCC 4.0.1 (Apple Inc. build 5493)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>>
mod_wsgi
Now, we’re compiling a FAT version of mod_wsgi, using the just installed FAT python 2.6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | curl -O http://modwsgi.googlecode.com/files/mod_wsgi-2.4.tar.gz tar xvfz mod_wsgi-2.4.tar.gz cd mod_wsgi-2.4 ./configure \ --with-python=/usr/local/bin/python \ --with-apxs=/usr/sbin/apxs make sudo make install |
Again, checking the result
$ file /usr/libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so /usr/libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so: Mach-O universal binary with 4 architectures /usr/libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so (for architecture ppc7400): Mach-O bundle ppc /usr/libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so (for architecture ppc64): Mach-O 64-bit bundle ppc64 /usr/libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so (for architecture i386): Mach-O bundle i386 /usr/libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so (for architecture x86_64): Mach-O 64-bit bundle x86_64
Change the apache configuration in /etc/apache2/httpd.conf and add the following line
LoadModule wsgi_module libexec/apache2/mod_wsgi.so
starting and stopping apache
sudo /usr/sbin/apachectl stop sudo /usr/sbin/apachectl start
should yield the following line in the error_log
$ tail -f /var/log/apache2/error_log Apache/2.2.9 (Unix) mod_ssl/2.2.9 OpenSSL/0.9.7l DAV/2 mod_wsgi/2.4 Python/2.6.1 configured -- resuming normal operations
mod_wsgi is successfully loaded by the 64bit apache process.
The configuration and build of mod_python is left as an excercise for the inclined reader.
MySQL and mysql-python
in order to make mysql-python play nice with all this, we need to compile it against a FAT version of MySQL (mysql.com only provides 32bit-only or 64bit-only installers for Mac OS X. Sigh.).
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | curl -O http://mysql.dataphone.se/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.33.zip unzip mysql-5.1.33.zip cd mysql-5.1.33 CC=gcc CXX=gcc MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET=10.5 \ CFLAGS='-O3 -fno-common -fno-omit-frame-pointer -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc7400 -arch ppc64' \ CXXFLAGS='-O3 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc7400 -arch ppc64' \ LDFLAGS='-O3 -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc7400 -arch ppc64' \ ./configure \ '--prefix=/usr/local/mysql' \ '--disable-dependency-tracking' \ '--localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/data' \ '--libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin' \ '--enable-thread-safe-client' \ '--enable-local-infile' \ '--with-big-tables' \ '--with-extra-charsets=complex' \ '--enable-shared' \ '--with-plugins=innobase' make sudo make install |
confirming one more time that all 4 architectures are present
$ file /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql: Mach-O universal binary with 4 architectures /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql (for architecture i386): Mach-O executable i386 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql (for architecture x86_64): Mach-O 64-bit executable x86_64 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql (for architecture ppc7400): Mach-O executable ppc /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql (for architecture ppc64): Mach-O 64-bit executable ppc64
we can now go over to compile mysql-python (just running easy_install mysql-python didn’t work for me somehow, and I lost patience there)
1 2 3 4 5 6 | ARCHFLAGS='-arch ppc -arch ppc64 -arch i386 -arch x86_64' export ARCHFLAGS curl -O http://ovh.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/mysql-python/MySQL-python-1.2.3c1.tar.gz tar xfz MySQL-python-1.2.3c1.tar.gz cd MySQL-python-1.2.3c1 sudo python setup.py install |
Voilà!
